Formulation and Characterization of Antimicrobial Topical Gels Incorporating Jamun Seed Mediated Zinc Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles

Dharani Malneni; Devi Nivedita Sanaboyina; R Aruna Kumari Dommaraju

doi:10.37022/wjcmpr.v8i2.401

Authors

Malneni. Dharani Department of Pharmaceutics, Swathi College of Pharmacy, Venkatachalam, Nellore-524002, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Devi Nivedita Sanaboyina Department of pharmaceutics, Vignan Pharmacy College (autonomous), Vadlamudi, Guntur-522213, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Dommaraju R Aruna Kumari Department of Pharmaceutics, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy (Autonomous) Tirupati -517561, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Abstract

This study aimed to formulate and evaluate topical gels loaded with zinc oxide and silver nanoparticles synthesized using Syzygium cumini (Jamun) seed extract through an aqueous decoction method. Preformulation studies, including solubility analysis and ultraviolet spectrophotometric calibration, confirmed the suitability of the seed powder for formulation development. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by reacting zinc sulphate with the extract under alkaline conditions, while silver nanoparticles were produced by incubating silver nitrate with the extract in dark conditions. Silver nanoparticles demonstrated a drug content of 84.87% and an entrapment efficiency of 86.76%, and % drug release of 80.45%, while zinc oxide nanoparticles showed 86.45%, 89.67%, and 86.45% respectively. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the uniform distribution of nano-sized particles, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated no significant chemical interactions between the components. The optimized nanoparticles were incorporated into a gel base consisting of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and Carbopol. The final gel formulations exhibited a clarity test (light brown colour formulation), pH range of 6.8 to 7.0, excellent spreadability. In-vitro release studies showed that the biogenic silver nanoparticle gel achieved 96.38% drug release over eight hours, following diffusion-controlled kinetics, providing superior antimicrobial potential and sustained release, suggesting its effectiveness as a stable topical drug delivery system.

Keywords:

Jamun seed extract, Green synthesis, Zinc oxide nano particles, Silver nanoparticles, Topical drug delivery

DOI

https://doi.org/10.37022/wjcmpr.v8i2.401

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